What the rate of fatty acid entry into the brain tells us about nutritional requirements
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The brain is especially enriched with the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid, while being virtually devoid of other PUFA such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). It has been suggested that the plasma supply to the brain regulates brain PUFA levels and replaces PUFA consumed in the brain. Candidate plasma pools that supply the brain with PUFA include the plasma unesterified pool, PUFA esterified to lysophosphatidylcholine or the uptake of PUFA-containing lipoproteins via lipoprotein receptors into endothelial cells of the blood brain barrier. This paper will first present recent basic studies that have examined the role of lipoprotein receptors and the kinetics of candidate plasma pools which supply the brain. Upon presenting evidence that the plasma unesterified pool is a major source of brain PUFA, especially for DHA, I will describe how rapid metabolism also maintains very low levels of certain PUFA, such as EPA. Because fatty acid uptake into the brain can be imaged in humans, we can now, for the first time, estimate brain PUFA, including DHA, requirements. The paper will conclude with a discussion on how diet can maintain brain DHA levels and function with a focus on marine and plant based omega-3 fatty acids
Speaker:
Dr. Richard Bazinet
Associate Professor
University of Toronto
Dr.
Bazinet received his BSc from the University of Western Ontario and completed
his PhD under the supervision of Dr. Stephen Cunnane at the University of
Toronto in 2003. Dr. Bazinet, then, completed a postdoctoral fellowship in Dr.
Stanley Rapoport's Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section at the National
Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health. Dr. Bazinet joined the
University of Toronto in 2006, where he is currently an Associate Professor and
Canada Research Chair in Brain Lipid Metabolism. Dr. Bazinet is the recipient
of several awards, including the Early Career Award from the International
Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids; the Jordi-Folch-Pi Memorial
Award from the American Society for Neurochemistry; the Future Leaders Award
from the International Life Sciences Institute and the Young Scientist Award
for the American Oil Chemists, Society. Dr. Bazinet sits on several editorial
boards and is currently Editor-in-Chief of Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes
and Essential Fatty Acids as well as a Senior Associate Editor of Lipids.
The overall goal of Dr. Bazinet,s research program is to identify the
mechanisms that regulate brain lipid metabolism (signaling) and to identify the
role of brain lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative
diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. Dr. Bazinet has published over 90
papers, largely in the field of brain fatty acid metabolism and is co-author of
the joint WHO/FAO joint expert consultation on dietary fats and the central
nervous system during aging and disease.
***Original Source: "2016 CNS Annual Conference", Friday May 6, 2016
Length: 30:13
Type: Video
Last Updated: May 30, 2016
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| What the rate of fatty acid entry into the brain tells us about nutritional requirements | Video |
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